Kingdom of subversion3/9/2023 ![]() ![]() The Western Allies recognized neither King Zog nor a republican government-in-exile, nor did they ever raise the question of Albania or its borders at major wartime conferences. Greece hungered for Albanian lands it claimed, while Yugoslavia wanted Albania merged into a Balkan confederation. ![]() However, Albania was in an unenviable position after World War II. It was the Communist-led National Liberation Front that emerged victorious, mainly due to the ideological discipline instilled in their troops, but also because they were the only force which had consistently fought the Italians and Germans many nationalists and the royalists had collaborated with Italian or German occupiers during the war. The landowners constituted about 1% of the population but held 95% of the cultivated land in the country's central and southern regions, they also held the principal ruling posts.ĭuring World War II, the Albanian society was split into several amorphous groups: nationalists, communists, royalists, traditionalists – the latter both tribal and feudal in nature. In addition to its three major religious groups, there were two distinct socio-economic classes: people owning land (and especially those claiming feudal privileges), and the remainder. Albania was also the poorest European nation, and was home to about one million people, many still divided along semi-feudal and (especially in remote areas) tribal lines. The reason behind Operation Valuable was that Albania was separated from the rest of the Soviet Bloc by Yugoslavia, which had split with the Soviet Union in June 1948. government interagency working group acting under the terms of the Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act. In 2006, some 2,300 pages of documents laying out major parts of the Albania Project under its two major cryptonyms, BGFIEND and OBOPUS, were declassified by a U.S. The operation resulted in 300 deaths and was one of the most carefully concealed secrets of the Cold War. Consequently, many of the agents were caught, put on trial, and either shot or condemned to long prison terms at Penal labour. ![]() A Soviet mole, and, later, other spies tipped off the missions to Moscow, which in turn relayed the information to Albania. Other anti-communist Albanians and many nationalists worked as agents for Yugoslav, Greek and Italian intelligence services, some supported by the Anglo-American secret services. MI6 and the CIA launched a joint subversive operation, using Albanian expatriates as agents. The main goal of the operation was to overthrow the government of communist Albania. Operation Valuable, also known as the Albanian subversion ( Albanian: Përmbysja e Shqipërisë) or Secret Anglo-American invasion of communist Albania, was one of the earliest covert paramilitary operations in the Eastern Bloc.
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